"durfen" meaning in Middle High German

See durfen in All languages combined, or Wiktionary

Verb

IPA: /ˈdurfən/ (note: before 13ᵗʰ CE)
Etymology: Inherited from Old High German durfan, from Proto-West Germanic *þurban. Etymology templates: {{yesno||i|I}} I, {{glossary|Inherited}} Inherited, {{inh|gmh|goh|durfan|||g=|g2=|g3=|id=|lit=|nocat=|pos=|sc=|sort=|tr=|ts=}} Old High German durfan, {{inh+|gmh|goh|durfan}} Inherited from Old High German durfan, {{inh|gmh|gmw-pro|*þurban}} Proto-West Germanic *þurban Head templates: {{gmh-verb|<irreg>}} durfen or dürfen (preterite-present, third-person singular present darf, past tense dorfte, no past participle, past subjunctive dörfte or dorfte, auxiliary hān) Inflection templates: {{gmh-conj|<irreg>}} Forms: durfen [canonical], dürfen [canonical], darf [present, singular, third-person], dorfte [past], dörfte [past, subjunctive], dorfte [past, subjunctive], hān [auxiliary], present [table-tags], hān [auxiliary], durfen [infinitive], dürfen [infinitive], durfennes [error-unrecognized-form], dürfennes [error-unrecognized-form], durfenes [error-unrecognized-form], dürfenes [error-unrecognized-form], durfenne [error-unrecognized-form], dürfenne [error-unrecognized-form], durfene [error-unrecognized-form], dürfene [error-unrecognized-form], durfende [participle, present], dürfende [participle, present], - [participle, past], ich darf [indicative, present, singular], wir durfen [indicative, plural, present], wir dürfen [indicative, plural, present], ich dürfe [error-unrecognized-form, singular, subjunctive], ich durfe [error-unrecognized-form, singular, subjunctive], wir dürfen [error-unrecognized-form, plural, subjunctive], wir durfen [error-unrecognized-form, plural, subjunctive], du darft [indicative, present, singular], ir durfet [indicative, plural, present], ir dürfet [indicative, plural, present], du dürfest [error-unrecognized-form, singular, subjunctive], du durfest [error-unrecognized-form, singular, subjunctive], ir dürfet [error-unrecognized-form, plural, subjunctive], ir durfet [error-unrecognized-form, plural, subjunctive], ër darf [indicative, present, singular], sie durfen [indicative, plural, present], sie dürfen [indicative, plural, present], ër dürfe [error-unrecognized-form, singular, subjunctive], ër durfe [error-unrecognized-form, singular, subjunctive], sie dürfen [error-unrecognized-form, plural, subjunctive], sie durfen [error-unrecognized-form, plural, subjunctive], ich dorfte [indicative, preterite, singular], wir dorften [indicative, plural, preterite], ich dörfte [error-unrecognized-form, singular, subjunctive], ich dorfte [error-unrecognized-form, singular, subjunctive], wir dörften [error-unrecognized-form, plural, subjunctive], wir dorften [error-unrecognized-form, plural, subjunctive], du dorftest [indicative, preterite, singular], ir dorftet [indicative, plural, preterite], du dörftest [error-unrecognized-form, singular, subjunctive], du dorftest [error-unrecognized-form, singular, subjunctive], ir dörftet [error-unrecognized-form, plural, subjunctive], ir dorftet [error-unrecognized-form, plural, subjunctive], ër dorfte [indicative, preterite, singular], sie dorften [indicative, plural, preterite], ër dörfte [error-unrecognized-form, singular, subjunctive], ër dorfte [error-unrecognized-form, singular, subjunctive], sie dörften [error-unrecognized-form, plural, subjunctive], sie dorften [error-unrecognized-form, plural, subjunctive], - [imperative, singular], - [imperative, plural], present [table-tags], hān [auxiliary], - [indicative, multiword-construction, perfect, singular], - [indicative, multiword-construction, perfect, plural], - [multiword-construction, perfect, singular, subjunctive], - [multiword-construction, perfect, plural, subjunctive], - [indicative, multiword-construction, pluperfect, singular], - [indicative, multiword-construction, pluperfect, plural], - [multiword-construction, pluperfect, singular, subjunctive], - [multiword-construction, pluperfect, plural, subjunctive], durfen süln [future, future-i, infinitive, multiword-construction], ich sul durfen [future, future-i, multiword-construction, singular, subjunctive, subjunctive-i], wir suln durfen [future, future-i, multiword-construction, plural, subjunctive, subjunctive-i], du sule durfen [future, future-i, multiword-construction, singular, subjunctive, subjunctive-i], ir sulet durfen [future, future-i, multiword-construction, plural, subjunctive, subjunctive-i], ër sul durfen [future, future-i, multiword-construction, singular, subjunctive, subjunctive-i], sie suln durfen [future, future-i, multiword-construction, plural, subjunctive, subjunctive-i], ich sol durfen [future, future-i, indicative, multiword-construction, singular], wir sulen durfen [future, future-i, indicative, multiword-construction, plural], ich sölte durfen [future, future-i, multiword-construction, singular, subjunctive, subjunctive-ii], ich sölde durfen [future, future-i, multiword-construction, singular, subjunctive, subjunctive-ii], wir sölten durfen [future, future-i, multiword-construction, plural, subjunctive, subjunctive-ii], wir sölden durfen [future, future-i, multiword-construction, plural, subjunctive, subjunctive-ii], du solt durfen [future, future-i, indicative, multiword-construction, singular], ir sulet durfen [future, future-i, indicative, multiword-construction, plural], du söltest durfen [future, future-i, multiword-construction, singular, subjunctive, subjunctive-ii], du söldest durfen [future, future-i, multiword-construction, singular, subjunctive, subjunctive-ii], ir söltet durfen [future, future-i, multiword-construction, plural, subjunctive, subjunctive-ii], ir söldet durfen [future, future-i, multiword-construction, plural, subjunctive, subjunctive-ii], ër sol durfen [future, future-i, indicative, multiword-construction, singular], sie sulen durfen [future, future-i, indicative, multiword-construction, plural], ër sölte durfen [future, future-i, multiword-construction, singular, subjunctive, subjunctive-ii], ër sölde durfen [future, future-i, multiword-construction, singular, subjunctive, subjunctive-ii], sie sölten durfen [future, future-i, multiword-construction, plural, subjunctive, subjunctive-ii], sie sölden durfen [future, future-i, multiword-construction, plural, subjunctive, subjunctive-ii], - [future, future-ii, infinitive, multiword-construction], - [future, future-ii, multiword-construction, singular, subjunctive, subjunctive-i], - [future, future-ii, multiword-construction, plural, subjunctive, subjunctive-i], - [future, future-ii, indicative, multiword-construction, singular], - [future, future-ii, indicative, multiword-construction, plural], - [future, future-ii, multiword-construction, singular, subjunctive, subjunctive-ii], - [future, future-ii, multiword-construction, plural, subjunctive, subjunctive-ii], dürfen [alternative]
  1. to need Tags: no-past-participle, preterite-present

Alternative forms

{
  "descendants": [
    {
      "lang": "Alemannic German",
      "lang_code": "gsw",
      "word": "törfe"
    },
    {
      "descendants": [
        {
          "lang": "Luxembourgish",
          "lang_code": "lb",
          "word": "däerfen"
        },
        {
          "lang": "Luxembourgish",
          "lang_code": "lb",
          "word": "duerfen"
        },
        {
          "lang": "Luxembourgish",
          "lang_code": "lb",
          "word": "dierfen"
        }
      ],
      "lang": "Central Franconian",
      "lang_code": "gmw-cfr",
      "word": "dürve"
    },
    {
      "descendants": [
        {
          "lang": "Luxembourgish",
          "lang_code": "lb",
          "word": "däerfen"
        },
        {
          "lang": "Luxembourgish",
          "lang_code": "lb",
          "word": "duerfen"
        },
        {
          "lang": "Luxembourgish",
          "lang_code": "lb",
          "word": "dierfen"
        }
      ],
      "lang": "Central Franconian",
      "lang_code": "gmw-cfr",
      "word": "durfe"
    },
    {
      "descendants": [
        {
          "lang": "Luxembourgish",
          "lang_code": "lb",
          "word": "däerfen"
        },
        {
          "lang": "Luxembourgish",
          "lang_code": "lb",
          "word": "duerfen"
        },
        {
          "lang": "Luxembourgish",
          "lang_code": "lb",
          "word": "dierfen"
        }
      ],
      "lang": "Central Franconian",
      "lang_code": "gmw-cfr",
      "word": "dearfe"
    },
    {
      "descendants": [
        {
          "lang": "Ido",
          "lang_code": "io",
          "raw_tags": [
            "borrowed"
          ],
          "word": "darfar"
        }
      ],
      "lang": "German",
      "lang_code": "de",
      "word": "dürfen"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Yiddish",
      "lang_code": "yi",
      "roman": "darfn",
      "word": "דאַרפֿן"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "",
        "2": "i",
        "3": "I"
      },
      "expansion": "I",
      "name": "yesno"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "Inherited"
      },
      "expansion": "Inherited",
      "name": "glossary"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "gmh",
        "2": "goh",
        "3": "durfan",
        "4": "",
        "5": "",
        "g": "",
        "g2": "",
        "g3": "",
        "id": "",
        "lit": "",
        "nocat": "",
        "pos": "",
        "sc": "",
        "sort": "",
        "tr": "",
        "ts": ""
      },
      "expansion": "Old High German durfan",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "gmh",
        "2": "goh",
        "3": "durfan"
      },
      "expansion": "Inherited from Old High German durfan",
      "name": "inh+"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "gmh",
        "2": "gmw-pro",
        "3": "*þurban"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *þurban",
      "name": "inh"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Inherited from Old High German durfan, from Proto-West Germanic *þurban.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "durfen",
      "tags": [
        "canonical"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "dürfen",
      "tags": [
        "canonical"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "darf",
      "tags": [
        "present",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "dorfte",
      "tags": [
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "dörfte",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "dorfte",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hān",
      "tags": [
        "auxiliary"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "present",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gmh-conj",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hān",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "auxiliary"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "durfen",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "infinitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "dürfen",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "infinitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "durfennes",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "dürfennes",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "durfenes",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "dürfenes",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "durfenne",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "dürfenne",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "durfene",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "dürfene",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "durfende",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "participle",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "dürfende",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "participle",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "participle",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ich darf",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "present",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "wir durfen",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "wir dürfen",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ich dürfe",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ich durfe",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "wir dürfen",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form",
        "plural",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "wir durfen",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form",
        "plural",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "du darft",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "present",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ir durfet",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ir dürfet",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "du dürfest",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "du durfest",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ir dürfet",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form",
        "plural",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ir durfet",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form",
        "plural",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ër darf",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "present",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sie durfen",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sie dürfen",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ër dürfe",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ër durfe",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sie dürfen",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form",
        "plural",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sie durfen",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form",
        "plural",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ich dorfte",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "preterite",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "wir dorften",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "preterite"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ich dörfte",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ich dorfte",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "wir dörften",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form",
        "plural",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "wir dorften",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form",
        "plural",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "du dorftest",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "preterite",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ir dorftet",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "preterite"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "du dörftest",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "du dorftest",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ir dörftet",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form",
        "plural",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ir dorftet",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form",
        "plural",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ër dorfte",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "preterite",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sie dorften",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "preterite"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ër dörfte",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ër dorfte",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sie dörften",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form",
        "plural",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sie dorften",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form",
        "plural",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "present",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gmh-conj",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hān",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "auxiliary"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "multiword-construction",
        "perfect",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "multiword-construction",
        "perfect",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "multiword-construction",
        "perfect",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "multiword-construction",
        "perfect",
        "plural",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "multiword-construction",
        "pluperfect",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "multiword-construction",
        "pluperfect",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "multiword-construction",
        "pluperfect",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "multiword-construction",
        "pluperfect",
        "plural",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "durfen süln",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "future-i",
        "infinitive",
        "multiword-construction"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ich sul durfen",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "future-i",
        "multiword-construction",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive",
        "subjunctive-i"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "wir suln durfen",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "future-i",
        "multiword-construction",
        "plural",
        "subjunctive",
        "subjunctive-i"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "du sule durfen",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "future-i",
        "multiword-construction",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive",
        "subjunctive-i"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ir sulet durfen",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "future-i",
        "multiword-construction",
        "plural",
        "subjunctive",
        "subjunctive-i"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ër sul durfen",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "future-i",
        "multiword-construction",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive",
        "subjunctive-i"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sie suln durfen",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "future-i",
        "multiword-construction",
        "plural",
        "subjunctive",
        "subjunctive-i"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ich sol durfen",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "future-i",
        "indicative",
        "multiword-construction",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "wir sulen durfen",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "future-i",
        "indicative",
        "multiword-construction",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ich sölte durfen",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "future-i",
        "multiword-construction",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive",
        "subjunctive-ii"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ich sölde durfen",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "future-i",
        "multiword-construction",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive",
        "subjunctive-ii"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "wir sölten durfen",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "future-i",
        "multiword-construction",
        "plural",
        "subjunctive",
        "subjunctive-ii"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "wir sölden durfen",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "future-i",
        "multiword-construction",
        "plural",
        "subjunctive",
        "subjunctive-ii"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "du solt durfen",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "future-i",
        "indicative",
        "multiword-construction",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ir sulet durfen",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "future-i",
        "indicative",
        "multiword-construction",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "du söltest durfen",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "future-i",
        "multiword-construction",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive",
        "subjunctive-ii"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "du söldest durfen",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "future-i",
        "multiword-construction",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive",
        "subjunctive-ii"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ir söltet durfen",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "future-i",
        "multiword-construction",
        "plural",
        "subjunctive",
        "subjunctive-ii"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ir söldet durfen",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "future-i",
        "multiword-construction",
        "plural",
        "subjunctive",
        "subjunctive-ii"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ër sol durfen",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "future-i",
        "indicative",
        "multiword-construction",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sie sulen durfen",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "future-i",
        "indicative",
        "multiword-construction",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ër sölte durfen",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "future-i",
        "multiword-construction",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive",
        "subjunctive-ii"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ër sölde durfen",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "future-i",
        "multiword-construction",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive",
        "subjunctive-ii"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sie sölten durfen",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "future-i",
        "multiword-construction",
        "plural",
        "subjunctive",
        "subjunctive-ii"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sie sölden durfen",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "future-i",
        "multiword-construction",
        "plural",
        "subjunctive",
        "subjunctive-ii"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "future-ii",
        "infinitive",
        "multiword-construction"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "future-ii",
        "multiword-construction",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive",
        "subjunctive-i"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "future-ii",
        "multiword-construction",
        "plural",
        "subjunctive",
        "subjunctive-i"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "future-ii",
        "indicative",
        "multiword-construction",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "future-ii",
        "indicative",
        "multiword-construction",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "future-ii",
        "multiword-construction",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive",
        "subjunctive-ii"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "future-ii",
        "multiword-construction",
        "plural",
        "subjunctive",
        "subjunctive-ii"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "dürfen",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "<irreg>"
      },
      "expansion": "durfen or dürfen (preterite-present, third-person singular present darf, past tense dorfte, no past participle, past subjunctive dörfte or dorfte, auxiliary hān)",
      "name": "gmh-verb"
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "<irreg>"
      },
      "name": "gmh-conj"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Middle High German",
  "lang_code": "gmh",
  "pos": "verb",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Middle High German entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Middle High German verbs using hān as auxiliary",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with 1 entry",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "to need"
      ],
      "id": "en-durfen-gmh-verb-fCXPH8yL",
      "links": [
        [
          "need",
          "need"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "no-past-participle",
        "preterite-present"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈdurfən/",
      "note": "before 13ᵗʰ CE"
    }
  ],
  "word": "durfen"
}
{
  "descendants": [
    {
      "lang": "Alemannic German",
      "lang_code": "gsw",
      "word": "törfe"
    },
    {
      "descendants": [
        {
          "lang": "Luxembourgish",
          "lang_code": "lb",
          "word": "däerfen"
        },
        {
          "lang": "Luxembourgish",
          "lang_code": "lb",
          "word": "duerfen"
        },
        {
          "lang": "Luxembourgish",
          "lang_code": "lb",
          "word": "dierfen"
        }
      ],
      "lang": "Central Franconian",
      "lang_code": "gmw-cfr",
      "word": "dürve"
    },
    {
      "descendants": [
        {
          "lang": "Luxembourgish",
          "lang_code": "lb",
          "word": "däerfen"
        },
        {
          "lang": "Luxembourgish",
          "lang_code": "lb",
          "word": "duerfen"
        },
        {
          "lang": "Luxembourgish",
          "lang_code": "lb",
          "word": "dierfen"
        }
      ],
      "lang": "Central Franconian",
      "lang_code": "gmw-cfr",
      "word": "durfe"
    },
    {
      "descendants": [
        {
          "lang": "Luxembourgish",
          "lang_code": "lb",
          "word": "däerfen"
        },
        {
          "lang": "Luxembourgish",
          "lang_code": "lb",
          "word": "duerfen"
        },
        {
          "lang": "Luxembourgish",
          "lang_code": "lb",
          "word": "dierfen"
        }
      ],
      "lang": "Central Franconian",
      "lang_code": "gmw-cfr",
      "word": "dearfe"
    },
    {
      "descendants": [
        {
          "lang": "Ido",
          "lang_code": "io",
          "raw_tags": [
            "borrowed"
          ],
          "word": "darfar"
        }
      ],
      "lang": "German",
      "lang_code": "de",
      "word": "dürfen"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Yiddish",
      "lang_code": "yi",
      "roman": "darfn",
      "word": "דאַרפֿן"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "",
        "2": "i",
        "3": "I"
      },
      "expansion": "I",
      "name": "yesno"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "Inherited"
      },
      "expansion": "Inherited",
      "name": "glossary"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "gmh",
        "2": "goh",
        "3": "durfan",
        "4": "",
        "5": "",
        "g": "",
        "g2": "",
        "g3": "",
        "id": "",
        "lit": "",
        "nocat": "",
        "pos": "",
        "sc": "",
        "sort": "",
        "tr": "",
        "ts": ""
      },
      "expansion": "Old High German durfan",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "gmh",
        "2": "goh",
        "3": "durfan"
      },
      "expansion": "Inherited from Old High German durfan",
      "name": "inh+"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "gmh",
        "2": "gmw-pro",
        "3": "*þurban"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *þurban",
      "name": "inh"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Inherited from Old High German durfan, from Proto-West Germanic *þurban.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "durfen",
      "tags": [
        "canonical"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "dürfen",
      "tags": [
        "canonical"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "darf",
      "tags": [
        "present",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "dorfte",
      "tags": [
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "dörfte",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "dorfte",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hān",
      "tags": [
        "auxiliary"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "present",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gmh-conj",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hān",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "auxiliary"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "durfen",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "infinitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "dürfen",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "infinitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "durfennes",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "dürfennes",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "durfenes",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "dürfenes",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "durfenne",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "dürfenne",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "durfene",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "dürfene",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "durfende",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "participle",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "dürfende",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "participle",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "participle",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ich darf",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "present",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "wir durfen",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "wir dürfen",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ich dürfe",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ich durfe",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "wir dürfen",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form",
        "plural",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "wir durfen",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form",
        "plural",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "du darft",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "present",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ir durfet",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ir dürfet",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "du dürfest",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "du durfest",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ir dürfet",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form",
        "plural",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ir durfet",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form",
        "plural",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ër darf",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "present",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sie durfen",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sie dürfen",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ër dürfe",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ër durfe",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sie dürfen",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form",
        "plural",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sie durfen",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form",
        "plural",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ich dorfte",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "preterite",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "wir dorften",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "preterite"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ich dörfte",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ich dorfte",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "wir dörften",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form",
        "plural",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "wir dorften",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form",
        "plural",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "du dorftest",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "preterite",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ir dorftet",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "preterite"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "du dörftest",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "du dorftest",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ir dörftet",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form",
        "plural",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ir dorftet",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form",
        "plural",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ër dorfte",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "preterite",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sie dorften",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "preterite"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ër dörfte",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ër dorfte",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sie dörften",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form",
        "plural",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sie dorften",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form",
        "plural",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "present",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gmh-conj",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hān",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "auxiliary"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "multiword-construction",
        "perfect",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "multiword-construction",
        "perfect",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "multiword-construction",
        "perfect",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "multiword-construction",
        "perfect",
        "plural",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "multiword-construction",
        "pluperfect",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "multiword-construction",
        "pluperfect",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "multiword-construction",
        "pluperfect",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "multiword-construction",
        "pluperfect",
        "plural",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "durfen süln",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "future-i",
        "infinitive",
        "multiword-construction"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ich sul durfen",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "future-i",
        "multiword-construction",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive",
        "subjunctive-i"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "wir suln durfen",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "future-i",
        "multiword-construction",
        "plural",
        "subjunctive",
        "subjunctive-i"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "du sule durfen",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "future-i",
        "multiword-construction",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive",
        "subjunctive-i"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ir sulet durfen",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "future-i",
        "multiword-construction",
        "plural",
        "subjunctive",
        "subjunctive-i"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ër sul durfen",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "future-i",
        "multiword-construction",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive",
        "subjunctive-i"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sie suln durfen",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "future-i",
        "multiword-construction",
        "plural",
        "subjunctive",
        "subjunctive-i"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ich sol durfen",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "future-i",
        "indicative",
        "multiword-construction",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "wir sulen durfen",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "future-i",
        "indicative",
        "multiword-construction",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ich sölte durfen",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "future-i",
        "multiword-construction",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive",
        "subjunctive-ii"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ich sölde durfen",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "future-i",
        "multiword-construction",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive",
        "subjunctive-ii"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "wir sölten durfen",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "future-i",
        "multiword-construction",
        "plural",
        "subjunctive",
        "subjunctive-ii"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "wir sölden durfen",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "future-i",
        "multiword-construction",
        "plural",
        "subjunctive",
        "subjunctive-ii"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "du solt durfen",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "future-i",
        "indicative",
        "multiword-construction",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ir sulet durfen",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "future-i",
        "indicative",
        "multiword-construction",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "du söltest durfen",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "future-i",
        "multiword-construction",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive",
        "subjunctive-ii"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "du söldest durfen",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "future-i",
        "multiword-construction",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive",
        "subjunctive-ii"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ir söltet durfen",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "future-i",
        "multiword-construction",
        "plural",
        "subjunctive",
        "subjunctive-ii"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ir söldet durfen",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "future-i",
        "multiword-construction",
        "plural",
        "subjunctive",
        "subjunctive-ii"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ër sol durfen",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "future-i",
        "indicative",
        "multiword-construction",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sie sulen durfen",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "future-i",
        "indicative",
        "multiword-construction",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ër sölte durfen",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "future-i",
        "multiword-construction",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive",
        "subjunctive-ii"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ër sölde durfen",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "future-i",
        "multiword-construction",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive",
        "subjunctive-ii"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sie sölten durfen",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "future-i",
        "multiword-construction",
        "plural",
        "subjunctive",
        "subjunctive-ii"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sie sölden durfen",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "future-i",
        "multiword-construction",
        "plural",
        "subjunctive",
        "subjunctive-ii"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "future-ii",
        "infinitive",
        "multiword-construction"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "future-ii",
        "multiword-construction",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive",
        "subjunctive-i"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "future-ii",
        "multiword-construction",
        "plural",
        "subjunctive",
        "subjunctive-i"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "future-ii",
        "indicative",
        "multiword-construction",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "future-ii",
        "indicative",
        "multiword-construction",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "future-ii",
        "multiword-construction",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive",
        "subjunctive-ii"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "future-ii",
        "multiword-construction",
        "plural",
        "subjunctive",
        "subjunctive-ii"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "dürfen",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "<irreg>"
      },
      "expansion": "durfen or dürfen (preterite-present, third-person singular present darf, past tense dorfte, no past participle, past subjunctive dörfte or dorfte, auxiliary hān)",
      "name": "gmh-verb"
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "<irreg>"
      },
      "name": "gmh-conj"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Middle High German",
  "lang_code": "gmh",
  "pos": "verb",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "Middle High German entries with incorrect language header",
        "Middle High German lemmas",
        "Middle High German preterite-present verbs",
        "Middle High German terms derived from Old High German",
        "Middle High German terms derived from Proto-West Germanic",
        "Middle High German terms inherited from Old High German",
        "Middle High German terms inherited from Proto-West Germanic",
        "Middle High German terms with IPA pronunciation",
        "Middle High German verbs",
        "Middle High German verbs using hān as auxiliary",
        "Pages with 1 entry",
        "Pages with entries"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "to need"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "need",
          "need"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "no-past-participle",
        "preterite-present"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈdurfən/",
      "note": "before 13ᵗʰ CE"
    }
  ],
  "word": "durfen"
}

Download raw JSONL data for durfen meaning in Middle High German (14.5kB)

{
  "called_from": "inflection/735",
  "msg": "inflection table: unrecognized header: 'genitive gerund'",
  "path": [
    "durfen"
  ],
  "section": "Middle High German",
  "subsection": "verb",
  "title": "durfen",
  "trace": ""
}

{
  "called_from": "inflection/735",
  "msg": "inflection table: unrecognized header: 'dative gerund'",
  "path": [
    "durfen"
  ],
  "section": "Middle High German",
  "subsection": "verb",
  "title": "durfen",
  "trace": ""
}

{
  "called_from": "inflection/865",
  "msg": "inflection table: IF WITHOUT ELSE EVALS False: durfen/Middle High German 'i' base_tags={'indicative', 'present', 'plural'}",
  "path": [
    "durfen"
  ],
  "section": "Middle High German",
  "subsection": "verb",
  "title": "durfen",
  "trace": ""
}

{
  "called_from": "inflection/865",
  "msg": "inflection table: IF WITHOUT ELSE EVALS False: durfen/Middle High German 'i' base_tags={'error-unrecognized-form', 'indicative', 'present', 'plural'}",
  "path": [
    "durfen"
  ],
  "section": "Middle High German",
  "subsection": "verb",
  "title": "durfen",
  "trace": ""
}

{
  "called_from": "inflection/865",
  "msg": "inflection table: IF WITHOUT ELSE EVALS False: durfen/Middle High German 'i' base_tags={'error-unrecognized-form', 'indicative', 'present', 'plural'}",
  "path": [
    "durfen"
  ],
  "section": "Middle High German",
  "subsection": "verb",
  "title": "durfen",
  "trace": ""
}

{
  "called_from": "inflection/865",
  "msg": "inflection table: IF WITHOUT ELSE EVALS False: durfen/Middle High German 'ii' base_tags={'error-unrecognized-form', 'indicative', 'present', 'plural'}",
  "path": [
    "durfen"
  ],
  "section": "Middle High German",
  "subsection": "verb",
  "title": "durfen",
  "trace": ""
}

{
  "called_from": "inflection/865",
  "msg": "inflection table: IF WITHOUT ELSE EVALS False: durfen/Middle High German 'ii' base_tags={'error-unrecognized-form', 'indicative', 'present', 'plural'}",
  "path": [
    "durfen"
  ],
  "section": "Middle High German",
  "subsection": "verb",
  "title": "durfen",
  "trace": ""
}

{
  "called_from": "inflection/865",
  "msg": "inflection table: IF WITHOUT ELSE EVALS False: durfen/Middle High German 'ii' base_tags={'error-unrecognized-form', 'indicative', 'present', 'plural'}",
  "path": [
    "durfen"
  ],
  "section": "Middle High German",
  "subsection": "verb",
  "title": "durfen",
  "trace": ""
}

This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Middle High German dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2026-01-25 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2026-01-01 using wiktextract (f492ef9 and 9905b1f). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.